Ak-47

Ak-47

The AK-47 is a selective fire, gas operated, 7.62mm assault rifle developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov.

It has been manufactured in many countries and has seen service with regular armed forces as well as irregular, revolutionary and terrorist organizations worldwide.
The AK-47 was one of the first true assault rifles and, due to its durability, low production cost and ease of use, the weapon and its numerous variants remain the most widely used assault rifles in the world — so much that more AK-type rifles have been produced than all other assault rifles combined together.

The main advantages of the  AK-47  rifle are its simple design, fairly compact size and adaptation to mass production. It is inexpensive to manufacture, and easy to clean and maintain; its ruggedness and reliability are legendary. The AK-47 was initially designed for ease of operation and repair by glove-wearing Soviet soldiers in Arctic conditions. The large gas piston, generous clearances between moving parts, and tapered cartridge case design allow the gun to endure large amounts of foreign matter and fouling without failing to cycle. This reliability comes at the cost of accuracy, as the looser tolerances do not allow for precision and consistency. Reflecting Soviet infantry doctrine of its time, the rifle is meant to be part of massed infantry fire, not long range engagements. The average service life of an AK-47 is 20 to 40 years depending on the conditions to which it has been exposed.
AK-47 

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Svd dragunov

Svd dragunov

Svd dragunov is a semi-automatic gas-operated rifle
with a short-stroke gas-piston system. The barrel breech is locked through a rotating bolt (left rotation) and uses three locking lugs to engage corresponding locking recesses in the barrel extension. The rifle has a manual,  Svd dragunov has two-position gas regulator.  Svd dragunov  is fed from a curved box magazine with a 10-round capacity and the cartridges are double-stacked in a checker pattern. After discharging the last cartridge from the magazine, the bolt carrier and bolt are held back on a bolt catch that is released by pulling the cocking handle to the rear. The rifle has a hammer-type striking mechanism and a manual lever safety selector. The rifle's receiver is machined to provide additional accuracy and torsional strength. The  Svd dragunov receiver bears a number of similarities to the AK action, such as the large dust cover, iron sights and lever safety selector, but these similarities are primarily cosmetic in nature.

The PSO-1 sight enables targets to be engaged at ranges upwards of 1,300 m; effective ranges in combat situations have been stated at between 600 to 1,300 m, depending on the nature of the target (point or area target) quality of ammunition and skill of the shooter.

Svd dragunov is an original rifle design for several reasons. First, it was not meant for highly trained and specialized sniper teams, but rather for designated marksmen, spread in every basic infantry unit. In every platoon of Warsaw Pact troops, there was a  Svd dragunov  marksman. In the DDR arsenals alone, there were almost 2,000  Svd dragunov rifles, while in many western armies there was not even a single sniper rifle except in special forces units (as example, in the Italian Army until the 1990s), but in Warsaw Pact troop formations, the Dragunov marksmen were widespread among the regular units. To fulfill this role the rifle is relatively light for a sniper rifle but well balanced, so it's easy to use in a dynamic battle.

Svd dragunov It also is a semi-automatic rifle, a rare feature for accuracy orientated rifles in the 1960s (except for customized ordnance, to allow rapid fire. In order to fire effective API ammunition, its accuracy potential was slightly downgraded by shortening the twist rate, another uncommon priority for a pure sniper rifle. Its precision is good but not exceptional, also because it has a relatively light barrel profile. Like an assault rifle, the rifle has the provision to fix a bayonet. The detachable bayonet of the Chinese version can even be used to cut barbed wire. Last the rifle was meant to be a relatively cheap mass produced firearm
Svd dragunov

AKS-74U

AKS-74U

The AKS-74U small size assault rifle is a modified version of the AK-74 assault rifle with a horter in 200 mm barrel. It was intended to replace AKMSU small size assault rifle, chambered for 7.62 x 39 mm cartridge. The AKS-74U
It was built on well recommended Kalashikov assault rifles scheme. Initially AKS-74U was intended for airborne troops, but in case of low efficiency it found use among secondary units such as supply, communication, tanks and artillery crews, staff personnel. Furthermore it found use among anti-terrorist forces and special Internal Affairs Ministry subdivisions, and special forces.
Has lower bullet initial speed, shorter range of effective fire caused by shorter barrel. However, it still has more power and longer range than conventional submachine guns that fire pistol cartridges. It has a bit higher rate of fire than standard AK-74.
Tactically AKS-74U is very close to the Personal Defense Weapon category: it has small dimensions, chambered for intermediate cartridge, and is intended for a short range combat. Rifle's automatic works on gas returning principle,

Weapon  The AKS-74U can be partially dismounted in a minute. Kalashnikv's construction weapons are easy in use and maintenance in case of measured and accurate construction. Soldiers all over the world prefer this easy construction of it's absolute reliability. Kalashnikov's weapon's usually don't misfire in any situations even fully immersed in mud or under the water.
It is fitted with L-type simple sight, the infantryman can fire the weapon while the vehicle is moving. the AKS-74U as a weapon short enough to be handled easily when the crew enters and exits vehicles.
The AKS-74U

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Glock handgun

Glock handgun

Glock handgun (trademarked as GLOCK) is a weapons manufacturer headquartered in Deutsch-Wagram, Austria, named after its founder, Gaston Glock. While the company is best known for its line of striker-fired polymer-framed pistols, it also produces field knives and entrenching tools.


Glock handguns are currently used by a majority of US and international law enforcement agencies and military personnel.[citation needed] Glock handguns are also very popular with civilians for personal protection and practical shooting, and the company sponsors a competitive shooting team which travels worldwide.[citation needed] It currently produces 39 models of handguns. The US-led Multi-National Force - Iraq has equipped the Iraqi military and the Iraqi National Police with Glock sidearms.

Glock handguns are common sidearms among law enforcement agencies and military organizations around the world. The popularity of Glock pistols can be attributed to a number of factors. They are said to be very reliable, being able to function under extreme conditions and to fire a wide range of ammunition types. Glock GmbH  The simplicity of the Glock design contributes to this reliability, as it contains a relatively small number of components (nearly half as many as the typical handgun) making maintenance and repair easier.

Advantages

Comfortable handling and aiming. Can be dismantled without special. Ease of maintenance. There are only automatic safety-locks. Rustproof. Rear failures. Light weight and large magazine capacity. Ability to make first shot without any preparation. Good weapons balance.

Disadvantages of: Glock GmbH

Double-action only type trigger group. Not enough plastic body tightness as after a long pistol maintenance there appears microscopic fractures. Dirty conditions or lack of cleaning lead to mechanism failures.
Glock GmbH

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Desert Eagle

Desert Eagle

The "Desert Eagle" Self-loading Pistol was developed as a sport model, but it's high combat abilities called interest in the Israel Armed Forces. It is one of the most powerful pistols in the world. One of it's features is a great number of modifications chambered for a various cartridge types.

Desert Eagle's history begins in 1979 when United States firearm company "Magnum Research Inc." began to design a totally new self-loading pistol. One of the project requirements was that the new pistol must be chambered for a powerful revolver cartridge.

"Desert Eagle" has quiet unordinary design based on a gas returning principle from a barrel channel. It's barrel is tightly connected with a barrel's box forasmuch none of existing pistol mechanism could carry so powerful cartridges providing long service life and reliability. The "Desert Eagle" is probably the only pistol which automatic principle is based on gas returning principle.
Pistol has a non-automatic safety-lock blocking trigger. It has two switches from both sides what makes weapon comfortable to use from the each hand. This feature is common to all Israel made weapons which are intended both for right- or left-handed people.

Advantages: Great fire accuracy and long range of effective fire. Desert Eagle hasPowerful cartridges. These features make "Desert Eagle" an ideal pistol for sport shooting and hunting. Recoil power is lower comparing with revolvers chambered for the same cartridges. Furthermore the "Desert Eagle" is more suitable for intensive fire than revolvers.

Disadvantages: Low magazine capacity. Heavy weight makes pistol low maneuverable and shooter becomes tired only carrying this pistol. High recoil power. Desert Eagle 's  Blinding flash makes pistol low effective at night as the shooter is blinded for some seconds after the each shot.

Desert Eagle

Uzi submachine gun

Uzi submachine gun

First "Uzi" submachine gun example was developed by Israel Army lieutenant Uziel Gal in 1949. Submachine gun was intended for Israeli armed forces , special forces and other services. Weapon was called "Uzi" in honor to it's developer. From the beginning of it's serial production "Uzi" became very popular all over the world among various military and security forces more than in 90 countries.
Submachine gun's "Uzi" automatic works on free lock's recoil principle.Uzi" submachine gun Fire is executed when lock is still moving ahead. Reloading handle is placed on the barrels box what makes submachine gun comfortable reload from right or left hand. During firing it stays sable.

Uzi" submachine gun length from muzzle to backward barrels box wall is only 445 mm including 260 mm barrels length. Small dimensions were reached using lock, covering barrel in 95 mm. Firing lock holds barrel from every side except right cartridge-case extraction window.

Uzi" submachine gun Magazine is inserted in pistol handle what increases weapons stability and allows to fire from one hand furthermore it makes weapon well balanced.

Uzi" submachine gun

Steyr AUG

Steyr AUG

Steyr AUG Multipurpose Army rifle was developed by company "Steyr" in close relationship with Austrian army. It was adopted by Austrian armed forces in 1978.

Steyr AUG Every rifles type is fitted with 1.5x magnification optical sight made like carrying handle. Furthermore there could be connected with bracket some other optical or night sights.

Rifle Steyr AUG was developed using "bullpup" principle what allowed to decrease rifles length and made it comfortable not only in the battlefield but in armored personnel carriers as well. Steyr AUG "Bullpup" principle also allows to execute fire holding rifle with one hand. One more this scheme advantage is lighter recoil power and rifles tossing after each shot, cause recoil power is pushing weapon directly back but not up like traditional weapons. So using traditional principle rifleman has to re aim after each shot or series. AUG can be comfortably used by right-handed or left-handed shooter. To execute fire from left shoulder you just have to move cartridge-case ejector and turn cartridge-case ejectors chambers panel.


Steyr AUG: In rifles construction there are widely used light alloys and composite materials. Barrels box is made from aluminum under high pressure. Hook, magazine and some other parts are plastic. Magazine can be made from transparent plastic what is very useful and allows to control ammunition reserve easily.

Pistol handle is made with large frame covering all hand. It allows to fire with gloves what is very actual for Alpen riflemen and other troops in winter.

Steyr AUG

MP5 SD

MP5 SD

Submachine gun "Heckler & Koch" MP-5 SD is well known submachine gun's MP-5 modification with integrated suppressor. This weapon is used by Germany, United States and a number of other country's special and anti-terrorist forces. Rational suppressor attained good specialists responses.


The main MP-5 SD difference from base modification is barrel with 30 openings. Suppressor is mounted on the barrel and consists from two cameras. One of them (the bigger one) is tightly connected with barrels openings and is used to lower powder gas and pressure speed.MP-5 SD The other camera (the smaller one) turns back gas flow going from barrels end. Sound suppression effect works cause both gas flows are directed one into another inside the suppressor. When they confront pressure decreases extremely fast suppressing shot's sound. Bullet leaves barrel in subsonic speed and causes no sound-blowing wave during it's flight.

"Heckler & Koch" MP-5 SD uses various types of submachine gun magazines intended for MP-5. Furthermore it has ability to carry inserted one magazine and two other can be connected to it. It allows to carry 90 cartridges with fast changing ability what increases submachine guns combat electivity. The main disadvantage for MP-5 and it's further modifications is that they are quiet unstable to dirt and cause failures in case of in proper or overdue maintenance.

MP-5 SD

FN P90

FN P90

FN P90 In 1990 Belgian "Fabrique Nationale" (FN) presented new product - compact submachine gun FN P90. It was intended as a main weapon for armored personnel carrier and infantry combat vehicle drivers, artillery crews, staff personnel, communication forces and other secondary purpose units.
Weapon is used by Belgium, Saudi Arabian and some NATO countries. FN P90 submachine gun is a new generation weapon. It was designed using Personal Defense Weapon (PDW) conception. Furthermore it was presented with totally new SS190 cartridge, fitting PDW conception.
In development process designers decided that it should be automatic weapon with small recoil power and easy to use FN P90

FN P90 Such high bullet penetration abilities are provided by extremely fast initial bullet speed. Small cartridge dimensions allowed to increase ammunition in 60%.
Recoil power is pushing weapon directly backward, but not upward. It's automatics works on free lock recoil principle. Submachine gun executes single, automatic and 3 shots burst fire. Reloading handles are placed from both sides what is convenient for left-handed soldiers. It has two pistol handles: one main and one additional for better weapons stability.

FN P90 cleaning and oiling is done without dismantling. Solider just takes off magazine and gets full access to submachine gun's mechanisms. Submachine gun has built-in collimator sight calibered on 150 m range. P-90 has active flash-hider which partly compensates weapons toss energy after every shot. In special operations it is used with suppressor and lower subsonic speed bullets. Laser sight can be additionally placed in the front side. Insufficient recoil power, "bullpup" scheme, compensator, collimator sight, and ability to fire in burst mode provide good fire accuracy in close combat. Great magazines capacity is also advantage for this weapon. To sum it up FN P90 developers created successful new generation weapon, surpassing traditional submachine guns. It's bullet penetration abilities in a short range distances are equal to assault or automatic rifle abilities

M-16 rifle

M-16 rifle

 M-16 rifle, developed by E. Stouner, who was working for the Armalite company. Several years later Colt company bought a license to produce this rifle.
Later in 1962 the    M-16 rifle   was designated as the  M-16 rifle  when it was sent to the US Army for trials. After a long trial period including trials in Vietnam it entered service with the US Army in 1967 as the Colt M16A1. Recently the M-16 rifle with it's variants is in service with over 50 countries worldwide, including Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and many other. It is one of the best firearms automatic rifle in the world.
The main feature of this rifle was a small-bore cartridge type with an understabilized bullet due to the barrel rifling. When such bullet hits target it looses stability and starts tumbling making deep lacerated wounds.
The other important feature of the M16 is its progressive design. It's barrel is on the same axis with the buttstock what prevents riffle from tossing after every shot. This feature greatly increases it's fire accuracy. It has new sight, intended for 800 meters range. Foregrip, and buttstock and pistol grip are made from harder materials. Furthermore foregrip has a different shape. Riffle is fitted with a new, more effective muzzle brake. Cartridge case ejection port is completed with a deflector to prevent an empty case hitting the face.

All variants of the  M-16 rifle are completed with the dioptric sight,   M-16 rifle although every there type of sight can be fitted. Automatic rifles can be also fitted with the M203 40-mm underbarrel grenade launcher and knife-bayonet. Some types of the flash hiders are used to cut barbed wire by inserting the wire inside the flash hider and firing.
  M-16 rifle Advantages: It features very good fire accuracy.  M16 Carrying handle makes it more comfortable to carry in the battlefield. Rifle is well balance, and has very weak recoil.
Disadvantages: Not too reliable design, tends to jam.

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Five Seven

Five Seven

The "Five Seven" Self-loading Pistol was designed by Belgium company Fabrique Nationale (FN). Pistol was publicly presented in 1996. "Five Seven"  is chambered for the new perspective 5.7 x 28 mm (SS190) intermediate cartridge developed by Fabrique Nationale.

It was published that the SS190 penetrates 48 layers of kevlar in 200 m range, fired from the P-90 submachine gun. In 150 m range bullet proofs standard US Army helmet and defeats target covered by it. Cartridge recoil power is threefold lower than the standard NATO 5.56 x 45 mm (.223 Rem) cartridges. The "Five-seveN" Self-loading Pistol is a new generation and conception weapon. "Five Seven"  Technically it is classified as an ordinary submachine gun but tactically it is a Personal Defense Weapon.

"Five Seven"  small-bore cartridge has a very high initial speed as well as a sharp nose bullets. These both features provide extremely high penetration effect. However light bullet has one disadvantages as it quickly looses it's initial speed. Furthermore light cartridges weight allows to increase ammunition storage in 60%.

"Five Seven"  Pistol has no manual safeties in standard model. It's slide and lock are made from steel. Handle has adjustable rear part. The FN "Five Seven"  is completed with some different such rear parts so it fits almost every hand. Mainly "Five-seveN" has no radical constructional design features comparing with other pistols. Almost the only new feature is SS190 cartridge. "Five Seven"   Externally it only has new shape trigger guard likely to the P-90. It allows to shoot when wearing gloves. Pistol can be easily dismantled into 4 main parts. The "Five Seven"  uses standard, tracer and subsonic speed bullets (used with sound suppressor). It has an opened fixed sight. Every "Five Seven"  can be fitted with an underbarrel mounted laser pointer or a flashlight. To sum it up "Fabrique Nationale" engineers designed a self-loading pistol with a really impressive bullet armor-piercing and penetration abilities almost equal to an ordinary assault or automatic rifle abilities in a short range distances. The "Five Seven"  became the first Personal Defense Weapon requirements fitting pistol.
"Five Seven"  Advantages: Extremely high penetration effect and long range of effective fire. Powerful cartridge and also light cartridges weight. High magazine capacity and high practical rate of fire as well. No manual safeties. Quiet comfortable handling for a two row magazine. "Five Seven" Compatible with a sound suppressor.

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Beretta

Beretta

" Beretta" 92 is one of the most popular pistol in the world. It's serial production began in 1976. Comparing with earlier Italian pistols it is more powerful and impressive. Pistol's automatics works on barrels short range recoil principle, but not lock's recoil principle used in less powerful pistols. Barrel is tightly connected with lock. Beretta Splitting mechanism is "double-action" type. Trigger is opened. Safety-lock blocks trigger and lock's frame. Magazine is high capacity, two rows. Cartridge-case extractor at the same time controls cartridges left. When magazine is empty lock stays at it's backward position.

Self-loading pistol "Beretta" 92F is in service with US Army, Navy Forces, Air Forces, coast guard units, French gendarmerie (police) forces and a number of other countries armament. Beretta  It is very popular among self-defense weapons as well of it's effectivity and elegant design. "Beretta" 92F in United States military named as M9 structures changed well known pistol Colt M1911.Beretta  Weapons advantages are: high muzzle energy (about 500 J), high bullets stopping effect, long range of effective fire and good fire accuracy. Weapon's dismantling doesn't need additional instructions. Magazine has big capacity required for modern pistols. Pistol has fixed sight. However "Beretta" 92F has some disadvantages. Firstly it is high pistol weight and too big dimensions what makes it difficult to carry unnoticed. Hard pushable trigger decreases first shot's accuracy. Light alloys used in pistol body and frame decreases weight but considerably decreases construction service life.Beretta There have been accidents when after 4 - 6 thousands shots lock's frame was breaking and injured marksman as well.

Beretta

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HK USP

Heckler USP

"Heckler & Koch" Heckler USP (Universal Seldstlade Pistol) self-loading pistol was first time publicly presented in year 1993. It was developed as multipurpose pistol for police, armed and special forces.
First modifications were chambered for 9-mm Para ( Heckler USP 9), and 10-mm .40 Auto ( Heckler USP 40) cartridges. Pistols automatic works on barrels short recoil principle.  Heckler USP pistols are fitted with new recoil suppressing mechanism. This new mechanism decreases recoil power as well as weapons tossing after each shot. This feature increased fire accuracy and fire comfort, comparing with other pistols.  Heckler USP automatic's service life is about 20 000 shots. Pistol's automatic allows only single fire.  Heckler USP frame is made from plastic polymers, lock and barrel - from stainless steel.

Pistol has opened fixed sight, intended for 80 m range. Laser sight or searchlight hardpoints are placed under the barrel. In year 1994 there was presented "Compact" (USP P10) modification with smaller dimensions. In year 1995 - modification, chambered for .45 ACP and intended for USA weapon market. Later one more modification "Tactical", fitted with longer barrel, sound suppressor connection screw, and adjustable sight, was developed. Along with combat modifications, there are developed some  Heckler USP sport models.  Heckler USP  "Match" has barrel, fitted with polygon rifles and compensator, serving as a flame-hider as well. It increases weapons stability and fire accuracy.

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Colt anaconda

Colt anaconda

The Mk. V revolvers from Colt anaconda company, such as Trooper Mk.V, Lawman Mk.V, first appeared in 1982, as an improved versions of the earlier Mk.III revolvers with same names.The improvements were not that radical, with major attention done to the trigger group: the main spring became longer, while the hammer path beccame shorter. This resulted in shorter lock time and helped to improve accuracy. Other improvements were less significant and mostly regarded to the manufacturing process.

Colt anaconda Anaconda revolver first appeared in 1990, and had been officialy discontinued in 1999, along with many other  Colt anaconda models, but brought back in 2001. Technically, the Anaconda is similar to the King Cobra, but has bigger frame and cylinder to accomodate more powerful cartridges, such as Colt anaconda .44 Magnum and .45 Long Colt. The Anaconda revolvers featured 6 or 8 inch barrels with wented top ribs, full lenght underbarrel lugs and ajustable sights. Anaconda revolvers are made from stainless steel. Some Anaconda revolvers in .44 Colt anaconda were manufactured with factory ported barrels, to improve the control over the recoil. The Anaconda revolvers are intended primary for sport shooting and hunting, being too big and heavy for regular duty carry.
Colt anaconda

Javelin FGM

Javelin FGM

Javelin FGM is a fire-and-forget missile with lock-on before launch and automatic self-guidance. The system takes a top-attack flight profile against armored vehicles Javelin FGM(attacking the top armor which is generally thinner) but can also take a direct-attack mode for use against buildings. This missile also has the ability to engage helicopters in the direct attack mode. It can reach a peak altitude of 150 m (500 ft) in top-attack mode and 60 m in direct-fire mode and is equipped with an imaging infrared seeker. The tandem warhead is fitted with two shaped charges: Javelin FGM a precursor warhead to detonate any explosive reactive armor and a primary warhead to penetrate base armor. The Javelin was used in the 2003 Invasion of Iraq  on Iraqi Lion of Babylon tanks and Type 69 tanks.The missile is ejected from the launcher so that it reaches a safe distance from the operator before the main rocket motors ignite; a "soft launch arrangement". Javelin FGM This makes it harder to identify the launcher; however, back-blast from the launch tube still poses a hazard to nearby personnel. Thanks to this "fire and forget" system, Javelin FGM the firing team may move on as soon as the missile has been launched. The missile system is carried most often by a two man team consisting of a gunner and an ammo bearer, although it can be fired with just one person if necessary. While the gunner aims and fires the missile, Javelin FGM the ammo bearer scans for prospective targets, watches for threats such as enemy vehicles and troops, and ensures personnel and obstacles are clear of the missile's back blast.

Javelin 

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